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Proposal to Allow Online Lawsuits and Evidence Submission

The Supreme People’s Court of Vietnam is seeking public feedback on the third draft of a Resolution by the Council of Judges, which introduces major reforms in judicial procedures through digital platforms.

One of the key highlights is that individuals and organizations may soon be able to file lawsuits, petitions, and submit evidence online via the National Public Service Portal or a dedicated electronic system managed by the courts. However, certain types of evidence—such as physical exhibits, audio-visual files, or documents that cannot be digitized—are excluded from this process.

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Online Filing Procedure

To use the system, plaintiffs must first register for a verified electronic transaction account integrated with the national portal. The date of filing will be determined by the system’s confirmation timestamp. Once received, the court will be required to acknowledge and confirm the submission of documents and evidence.

The draft resolution also expands the use of digital platforms for other activities: electronic delivery of court notices, online payment of court fees, exchanging case files, and even holding virtual hearings (with exceptions for cases involving national security or state secrets). Implementation, however, depends on whether courts can ensure adequate technical infrastructure.

Public and Legal Community Reactions

Public opinion has been largely supportive, emphasizing that the measure would save time, reduce travel costs, and eliminate unnecessary bureaucracy. Nonetheless, some concerns remain over technological readiness, potential system errors, and accessibility challenges for less tech-savvy groups. For this reason, many suggest piloting the system in selected courts before nationwide rollout.

Legal experts view this reform as an appropriate step in Vietnam’s digital transformation journey. Beyond convenience, it could also improve transparency, efficiency, and accountability in case resolution.

Benefits and Outlook

Several local courts have already piloted online trials. For example, a district-level People’s Court in Ho Chi Minh City has successfully conducted hundreds of virtual hearings, cutting costs and saving manpower. Many court records and judgments have also been digitized, streamlining access for litigants.

If adopted, the resolution will provide a solid legal foundation for expanding electronic litigation in Vietnam. This marks a significant move in judicial reform, aligning the court system with modern digital practices and ensuring citizens greater, faster, and easier access to justice.

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